PARIS (AFP) – A landmark UN report warned Monday that time had nearly run out to ensure a “livable future” for all, detailing a horrifying “atlas of human suffering” and warning that far worse was to come.
Species extinction, ecosystem collapse, insect-borne disease, deadly heatwaves and megastorms, water shortages, reduced crop yields -- all are measurably worse due to rising temperatures, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) said.
In the last year alone, the world has seen a cascade of unprecedented floods, heatwaves and wildfires across four continents.
Such events will accelerate in coming decades even if the fossil fuel pollution driving climate change is rapidly brought to heel, the 195-nation IPCC warned.
As nations struggle to bend the curve of carbon dioxide emissions downward, they must also prepare for a climate onslaught that in some cases can no longer be avoided, the report made clear.
For UN chief Antonio Guterres, it stands as a “damning indictment” of failed leadership that he described as nothing short of “criminal”.
“The world’s biggest polluters are guilty of arson of our only home,” he said.
Among the report’s key takeaways was the intertwined fates of human and natural systems.
It stressed that climate change cannot be tamed unless degraded forests and oceans that stock carbon are restored and protected; and the ecosystems on which life forms depend for clean water, air and soil will not survive intact in a world of runaway warming.
The report made clear that a viable future rests on a knife’s edge.
Some dire impacts are already irreversible, such as the likely demise of nearly all shallow water corals.
Others points-of-no-return lie just beyond the Paris Agreement’s aspirational target of capping global warming at 1.5 degrees Celsius above preindustrial levels, the report warned.
Up to 14 percent of land species face a “very high” risk of extinction with only 1.5C of warming, the IPCC said, bolstering calls for conservation of 30 to 50 percent of the world’s land and ocean territory.
The threat grows with every fraction of a degree.
By 2050 there will be more than a billion people in coastal areas highly vulnerable to storm surges amplified by rising seas by 2050. Per usual, the poorest will often be the hardest hit.
An additional 410 million people will be exposed to water scarcity from severe drought at 2C of warming, and up to 80 million will be at risk of hunger by mid-century.
By 2100, around $10 trillion of assets will be in flood-prone coastal areas in a moderate greenhouse gas emissions scenario, according to the report.