KHARTOUM (Dispatches) -- A dossier alleging chemical weapons use by the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) was compiled by Israeli intelligence and shared with Western media outlets in a coordinated operation aimed at discrediting the army and bolstering its paramilitary rival, a report says.
The dossier, described by The New York Times and The Washington Post as having been “shared by a Middle Eastern intelligence agency,” contained nearly 150 documents, bomb blueprints, images, videos, voice notes and thousands of intercepted text messages allegedly detailing how a secretive SAF unit developed and produced chlorine bombs over six months in 2024.
Multiple Sudanese and U.S. sources told Middle East Eye that the unnamed agency was Israeli and that the dossier was nearly identical to material Israel had provided to Washington before the U.S. sanctioned SAF leader Abdel Fattah al-Burhan in January 2025.
A former U.S. official described the interception of vast numbers of messages as “an advertisement for Pegasus,” referring to the spyware developed by Israeli cyber-intelligence firm NSO Group. 
A Sudanese security analyst told Middle East Eye that the level and duration of the alleged surveillance suggested Israel was more deeply involved in Sudan than previously understood.
The allegations have exposed Israel’s role in Sudan’s civil war and Israeli intelligence siding with the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), whose main patron is the United Arab Emirates.
On Sept. 13, 2024, the RSF accused the army of firing “toxic” missiles at Al-Jaili, a major oil refinery north of Khartoum then controlled by the paramilitary group. 
There were no confirmed deaths, however, and no other confirmed instances of the SAF using chlorine bombs. The dossier also contains no medical evidence or testimony from victims.
The Sudanese government said the country is a party to the Chemical Weapons Convention and remains committed to its provisions, including the non-production, non-stockpiling and non-use of chemical weapons. 
It said all chlorine stocks are designated for water purification, civilian industrial uses and energy, and that Sudan is ready to demonstrate this before any competent international body.
The report also points to longstanding contacts between Israel and RSF leader Muhammad Hamdan Dagalo, known as Hemedti. Former Israeli foreign minister Eli Cohen met Burhan before the war in a visit described by Israel as part of efforts toward a peace agreement.
The war halted those efforts, while Hemedti maintained ties with Israel. The UAE, a key Israeli ally, has continued to face accusations of supporting the RSF, which the UN has confirmed.